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March 2008 Edition |
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In this Issue
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RESEARCH AND IMPACT NEWS Researcher Focus: Yusaku Horiuchi ![]() Yusaku Horiuchi is a Senior Lecturer in the Crawford School of Economics and Government. He joined the School in 2004 after teaching three years at the National University of Singapore. Yusaku earned his B.A. (with honors) in economics from Keio University (Japan), M.A. in international and development economics from Yale University, and Ph.D. in political science from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. His research and teaching interests include comparative politics (electoral systems, distributive politics, political participation, public opinion, Japan) and research methods (applied statistics, research designs). Yusaku’s co-authored article, which examines the effects of Japan’s electoral reform in 1994 on distributive policy outcomes, appeared in the American Journal of Political Science, one of the flagship journals in political science, and won the Alan Rosenthal Prize from the Legislative Studies Section of the American Political Science Association. A related research note was published in the British Journal of Political Science. Considering the applicability of existing theoretical models in country-specific institutional and cultural contexts, another co-authored paper examines how political competition affects distributive policies in Korea (forthcoming in the Comparative Political Studies). Currently, Yusaku works on a paper examining the effects of subnational electoral systems on electoral competition in Japan’s Lower House elections (under review) and another paper estimating the impacts of voter turnout on distributive policy outcomes using Japan as a case (under review). Yusaku is also an author of a book, Institutions, Incentives and Electoral Participation in Japan (Routledge 2005). In the literature on political participation, American and European political scientists have argued that subnational elections almost always record lower voter turnout than national elections. But in Japan, municipal elections often record considerably higher turnout, particularly in small towns and villages. Using a wealth of new data, ranging from cross-national data to in-depth qualitative findings from field research in a Japanese small town, Yusaku concludes that this counter-intuitive “turnout twist” is a result of Japanese citizens responding to incentives produced by institutions. Specifically, the electoral system used in municipal assembly elections – the single non-transferable vote (SNTV) system with an at-large district – produces extraordinarily small margins between candidates, particularly in small municipalities, and gives a strong incentive for voters to think hard how much their votes count in an election. Through these causal inferences using Japanese data, Yusaku has come to develop interests in improving not only theories but also methods. With Kosuke Imai at Princeton University, he recently published a methodological paper in the American Journal of Political Science, which proposes a statistical method to design and analyze randomized experiments to mitigate noncompliance and nonresponse problems. For this study, Yusaku’s project team designed an Internet survey-based experiment during Japan’s 2004 Upper House election and estimated the impacts of policy information on voter turnout. There are some other methodological projects in-progress. They include a project to develop a statistical model for discrete compositional data and a project to conduct automated context analysis using political statements in the Japanese Diet With respect to his research on public opinion, geographical areas covered are broader, and Yusaku intends to set a new research agenda for comparative public opinion research. His co-authored paper published in the Journal of Conflict Resolution examines the determinants of global public opinion about the U.S.-led war in Afghanistan. In another paper (under review), Yusaku estimates the impacts of U.S. high-level visits on non-U.S. public opinion. To further investigate the causes and consequences of foreign public opinion, including the impacts of public diplomacy in Japan and other countries in the Asia-Pacific region, Yusaku received a grant from the Toshiba International Foundation and hosted a conference on public diplomacy (Japan, the U.S., China, and Australia) in March 2007. For further information on Yusaku and his work, please consult: www.horiuchi.org Sharon Bessell in collaboration with Professor Jan Mason from the University of Western Sydney, the Benevolent Society and NAPCAN received seed funding from the Australian Research Alliance for Children and Youth to investigate the role of action research in facilitating children's participation in community development. Satish Chand received a grant of $688,580 as part of the Australian Development Research Award to study how land held under customary ownership is accessed for development in Melanesia. The work, to be undertaken jointly with Charles Yala, is funded for a total of four years. Bruce Chapman was appointed Sippanonda Distinguished Research Scholar, DPU University, Thailand, in January 2008, for his ‘outstanding contribution to higher education financing in Thailand’. Daniel Connell has been awarded a National Water Commission fellowship to fund research in southern Australia, southern Africa, south-west USA and around the Mediterranean rim into the management of climate variability. Jenny Corbett has been awarded two grants from the Australia-Japan Foundation − $100,000 for a Visiting Fellowship and $15,000 for the Crawford- Nishi Lecture Series. Timo Henckel was commissioned and awarded $5,000 by the Paul Woolley Best paper prize for a paper published in the Economic Record in 2006 presented by the Economic Society of Australia in September 2007 for the paper Grafton, R.Q., N.V. Ha and T. Kompas, ‘The economic payoffs from marine reserves: resource rents in a stochastic environment’, Economic Record 82, No. 259: 469-480, 2006. Suiwah Leung has been given grants from both AusAID and the International Monetary to conduct a conference on March 31-April 1 entitled Globalization and the Mekong Economies. The conference is being organized jointly by Suiwah Leung and Ben Bingham, senior IMF resident representative in Vietnam and Lao PDR. Speakers will be from the ANU, the IMF, the ADB Institute, the Institute of Southeast Asian studies, the Cambodian Development Research Institute, and governments of Vietnam, Cambodia and Lao PDR. In particular, 14 ANU PhD graduates from Vietnam as well as graduates from Cambodia and Lao PDR will take part at the conference. They are now senior government officials and academics in their own countries. It is envisaged that a book will be published jointly with the IMF. John McCarthy recently obtained funding for two projects, the first from the Australian Research Council entitled ‘Social Capital, Natural Resources and Local Governance in Indonesia’ and a second entitled ‘Linking Agricultural Policy and the Oil Palm Boom with Pro-Poor Development’ funded under Australia Indonesia Governance Research Partnership (both grants obtained with colleagues). Activities (Staff and Associates) Matthew Allen submitted his PhD entitled ‘Greed and grievance in the conflict in Solomon Islands’ in August 2007 and received very positive examiners’ reports. He has recently taken up a three year postdoctoral fellowship at the Resource Management in Asia Pacific Program (RMAP) in the Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies at ANU. Initially he will be working on a book publication and a number of journal articles stemming from his doctoral research. Matthew also presented a plenary paper at the Pacific Islands Political Science Association (PIPSA) conference in Port Vila in December 2007. Bruce Chapman presented two seminars in October − ‘Understanding Australian Higher Education Financing’, to the University of Western Sydney Economics Department Seminar series, October, 2007 and ‘Income contingent loans for mature aged training’, to the Commonwealth Department of the Treasury, October, 2008 (with Dehne Taylor). He made a presentation, ‘What does the spread of FEE-HELP to the private sector mean?’, to the one day workshop, An Analysis of FEE-HELP in the Private tertiary Education Sector, convened by the Crawford School of Economics and Government in conjunction with the Melbourne Institute, ANU, December, 2007. He was invited to address DP University, Bangkok Thailand, in January 2008 on ‘Thailand student loans’. He gave the keynote address, ‘Student loans in international context’ at the Financing Tertiary Education Conference, 50th Anniversary of the Association of Colombian Universities, Bucaramanga, Colombia, February, 2008. He provided policy advice to the Colombian Department of Education in Bogota, in February, 2008 and gave eight media interviews (newspaper, radio, TV and radio) concerning Colombian student loans policy in Bogota, February, 2008. Bruce was also invited to address the Australian Financial Review Higher Education Conference, Sydney, March 2008 on ‘Alternative Funding Models for Higher Education’. Daniel Connell undertook fieldwork in Portugal, Tunisia and Italy investigating water and drought management and undertook work as a member of a national library group planning and implementing a project to collect interviews for their oral history archive with policy makers and managers involved in drought management Australia-wide. Jenny Corbett attended a conference on Financial Regulation: Costs, Benefits and the Process of Regulatory Change at the Melbourne sponsored by ASIC, APRA and FICA and organized in association with the Melbourne Centre for Financial Studies. She was invited to join the Australia New Zealand Shadow Financial Regulatory Committee. A project with the Asian Development Bank on emerging Asian regionalism concluded with a workshop in Tokyo in November. Jenny gave conference and seminar presentations on her research on financial integration in Asia at ANU, ISEAS (Singapore) and ADB in October and November. As the Australian participant in the 16-country steering committee to establish the Economic Research Institute for ASEAN and East Asia (ERIA) Jenny was invited to meetings in Bangkok and Tokyo and contributed a paper on Australia’s view of the Roadmap to Asian integration. She supervised a research project on barriers to services trade in the EAS region (covering distribution, logistics and financial services, forthcoming in an IDE-JETRO publication edited by H. Soesastro). The ERIA was formally established at the ASEAN summit at the end of 2007 and launched in Tokyo by the Japanese Prime Minister in early March. To mark the launch, Jenny organized a symposium on the Roadmap for East Asian Integration with JETRO in Sydney with an audience of 200 business and policy participants. The Prime Minister of Australian sent a letter of support for the role of ERIA to the symposium. A 2-day conference on services trade issues was held in November as part of her ARC Linkage grant on Setting Priorities for Services Trade Reform with the Linkage partner, the Productivity Commission. With Professor Fukunari Kimura, a Visiting Fellow at AJRC, Jenny wrote a background report on services trade between Australia and Japan as part of DFAT’s study on Australia-Japan relations, using gravity model estimates. They are continuing that work to develop an academic paper. Richard Denniss was interviewed on Channel 7's Today Tonight program on education funding. He was interviewed on John Faine's Melbourne Breakfast program, ABC Radio, on consumer spending and on National Radio News on the Commonwealth-State funding dispute. Richard wrote a submission for New Zealand's Finance and Expenditure Select Committee inquiry into the NZ Emission Trading Scheme. He spoke at theMelbourne Sustainability Festivaland presented paper to the NSW Economics Teachers Association conference. Richard also presented a paper to the Population and Climate Change: The Impact on the Millennium Development Goalsconference on March 15 and addressed the Federation of Australian Science and Technology Association Science Meets Parliament lunch. Leo Dobes was invited to make a presentation to the Office of Best Practice Regulation (OBPR) conference on Cost Benefit Analysis on 21 November 2007. The presentation is available on the OBPR website as 'A century of Australian cost-benefit analysis: lessons from the past and the present', Office of Best Practice Regulation, Commonwealth Department of Finance and Deregulation, 2008. Peter Drysdale convened a workshop, in association with the Singapore Centre for Applied and Policy Economics, on Intra-Asia Trade and Factor Flows: Trends, Determinants and Implications on 8-9 October. He presented a lecture at Adelaide University on 16 October abs was a panelist at the 45th Japan-Australia Joint Business Conference in Tokyo on 21-23 October. During November he was a visiting fellow at the University of Pennsylvania and joined meetings in Washington and New York. He convened the 32nd PAFTAD Conference in Hanoi on 17-19 December. On 4 February he presented a lecture at Asialink. He convened the East Asia Dialogue in Sydney on 26-27 March at which Prime Minister Rudd delivered the keynote address on Australia’s regional role. Peter Larmour is still working on three book projects arising from earlier research projects. The first is a monograph on corruption in the Pacific Islands, drawing on studies of National Integrity Systems he coordinated, with AusAID finding, in 2003-04. He wrote three chapters while on study leave in Hawaii last year, and drafts of two more over the Christmas break. University of Hawaii Press has expressed interest. The basis of one chapter – on corruption and the concept of ‘culture’ – has just been published in the journal Crime Law and Social Change (49(3) April 2008. The second is a co-edited volume – with Barry Hindess and Luis de Sousa – which is now in press with Routledge. It draws on ARC funded research on the NGO Transparency International. Peter has been drafting a concluding chapter. The third is another co-edited volume – with Barry Hindess and Manu Barcham – on the political and social theory of corruption. A publisher is being sought. Peter has also written up his report on constitutionalising anti-corruption in Nepal, which UNDP will use in discussions with members of the soon-to-be-elected Constituent Assembly, which will draft a new constitution. Parts of that are available in a working paper called ‘A short history of corruption and anti-corruption’ put out by Luis de Sousa’s new research network on anti corruption agencies. Peter also wrote a short discussion paper for AusAID reviewing the history of public sector reform programs in the Pacific (which he hopes to expand into a short article). Rich Little was invited to present a talk entitled ‘In-vitro - Agents in a glass - a spatially explicit agent based model for regional marine ecosystems and economies’, (L. Richard Little, Randall Gray, Beth Fulton) at In Hot Water: preparing for climate change in Australia's coastal and marine systems, 12-14 November 2007, State Library of Queensland. He recently hosted a Queensland Reef Line fishery workshop for the Modelling of Individual Transferable Quota (ITQ), 7 November 2007, Mecure Hotel, Brisbane. In December he gave a talk on area closures as a management tool in amulti-species coral reef line fishery. (Little, L.R., Begg, G.A., Goldman, B., Ellis, N., Mapstone, B.D., and Punt, A.E.) at MODSIM07 International Congress on Modelling and Simulation: Land, Water & Environmental Management: Integrated Systems for Sustainability, 10-13 Decemeber 2007, where he hosted a session on Social, Economic and Ecological Modelling of Fisheries and Marine Resources. In March 2008 he attended ReefMAC in Brisbane to deliver two talks on Applications of management strategy evaluation, and results of simulation modelling of ITQ system in the Queensland reef line fishery. Andrew MacIntyre convened the Australia-Indonesia Policy Research Forum in Jakarta on 3 December 2007. On 13-18 January he co-facilitated the Australian-American West Coast Leadership Dialogue in California. John McCarthy attended the Round Table on Sustainable Oil Palm meeting in Kuala Lumpur and made a field trip to Indonesia over January-February to continue research under a Australian Research Council grant entitled ‘Oil palm and agrarian transition on the Indonesian and Malaysian frontiers’. Ken Menz commenced as a visiting fellow in October 2007, following his retirement after 20 years at the Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research (ACIAR). Ken expects to be working part time on an ACIAR project in the Philippines. Official approval of the project has been delayed but start up should occur before the end of the financial year. Richard Mulgan continued work on finalising publications for two ARC grants (on accountability for outsourced services and accountability priorities of parliamentarians). He was commissioned to write a position paper for an Institute of Public Administration Roundtable on public service independence and responsiveness held in Melbourne 13-14 March. Richard also participated as a ‘cross-jurisdictional’ adviser to the Desert Knowledge CRC (Cooperative Research Centre) project on demand-responsive service delivery to indigenous communities, attending two workshops, in Alice Springs and Perth. Ann Nevile has recently returned from two months as a Visiting Fellow at the Centre for International Research on Care, Labour and Equalities (CIRCLE) at the University of Leeds during which time she conducted interviews with 26 non-government service provider and advocacy organisations up north (Leeds, Manchester, Hull and Sheffield) and in London about the impact of funding arrangements on service delivery agencies and outcomes for service users. Ann was interviewed by PM on 7 March 2008 about the broad issue of welfare reform and the possible cut to carers’ allowance in the forthcoming budget. Janine O’Flynn’s article on the public value paradigm was one of the most popular articles in the Australian Journal of Public Administration in 2007. It is currently ranked fourth most popular based on downloads for the previous 12 months and it was only published in September 2007. Kazuki Onji presented his paper on the behavioural/education economics, ‘Procrastination, prompts, and preferences: Evidence from daily records of self-learning activities,’ at Ritsumeikan University (January 2008), a workshop jointly hosted by Kansai Labour Workshop and Osaka University - Behavioural Economics Workshop (December 2007), Australian Meeting of the Econometric Society (July 2007), and RSSS, ANU (April 2007), Japan Study Association of Australia Meeting (July 2007) and Faculty of Asian Studies, ANU (May 2007). Kazuki was invited to the NBER Japan Project Meeting in Tokyo in July 2007 to present his paper on ‘The response of firms to eligibility thresholds: Evidence from the Japanese value-added tax’. A short summary of the presentation by Kazuki Onji at the NBER Japan Project Meeting appeared in NBER Reporter 2007 Number 2 (www.nber.org/reporter). Rolly Purnomo undertook an internship at the National Institute for Informatics in Tokyo between October and December. Ben Reilly attended two international conferences in the United States and Taiwan, and delivered the following papers: ‘Democratization and electoral reform in the Asia-Pacific: Is there an Asian model of democracy?’, American Political Science Association annual meeting, Chicago, 1-4 September 2007. ‘Political engineering in the Asia-Pacific’, conference on After the Third Wave: Problems and Challenges for the New Democracies, Taipei, Taiwan 13-15 August 2007. Both of these papers have since been published, in Comparative Political Studies and the Journal of East Asian Studies, respectively. In addition, Oxford University Press has recently released a paperback version of his book Democracy and Diversity: Political Engineering in the Asia-Pacific. Ben also attended the International Studies Association meeting in San Francisco in March 2008 to chair the panel on 'Electoral Processes in War-Torn Societies'. The panel brings together authors of a new edited book on the subject, From War to Democracy: Dilemmas of Peacebuilding (Cambridge University Press, 2008), in which he has a chapter. He also presented a keynote address to the AIIA-CDI forum on ‘Australia's role in democracy promotion’, and related presentations in Washington DC, and attended the World Movement for Democracy Fifth Assembly in Kiev, Ukraine. He recently gave a public presentation of his new co-authored CDI-IDEA-UNU policy paper on ‘Strengthening political parties in fragile states' to AusAID's Governance and Anti-Corruption Network. Ligang Song presented his paper, ‘The road ahead: China’s economic engagement with the world economy’, at the Brookings Institution Conference on China: The Opportunities and Tensions from China’s Integration into the World Economy, The Brookings Institution, Washington DC, 9 October 2007. He continued to work on the ARC Linkage project on industrialization and demand on resources in the second half 2007 by presenting a paper, ‘China’s iron and steel industry performance: its total factor productivity and the determinants’, at the ARC Linkage Project Workshop jointly organized with China’s Steel Industry Association in Beijing on 10 December. He collaborated with the Brookings-Tsinghua Centre and the Social Science Academic Press of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences to launch the Chinese translation of 2007 China Update book at Tsinghua University in Beijing on 11 December 2007. Luca Tacconi was an invited member of a panel on Governance, Markets, and Deforestation at a side event of the United Nations conference on Climate Change in Bali in December 2007. He also carried out a consultancy for The World Bank to prepare a paper on oil palm cultivation in Indonesia and the implications for climate change. John Uhr presented a paper on ‘Analysing Parliamentary deliberation’ to the workshop on Theory and Practice of Deliberative Democracy organised by the Research School of Social Sciences, ANU, 7-8 February. He convened two conferences at Parliament House on Parliamentary Committee performance on 15 and 16 February. The Department of the House of Representatives marked the establishment of the committee system with a free public conference on Friday 15 February 2008. The conference considered themes of achievements and challenges, community participation and member education, and future directions for House committees. That conference was followed on Saturday 16 February 2008 by a day long workshop on Parliamentary Committee Systems convened by the Parliamentary Studies Centre, Crawford School of Economics and Government. The workshop was opened by Sir Bernard Crick, Edinburgh University. On 5 March he spoke on ‘Parliament’ as one of six invited speakers at the Research School of Social Sciences, ANU workshop on The First 100 Days of the Rudd Government. John prepared a paper with co-author Phil Larkin on ‘Australia: Divided government in a parliamentary system’ for presentation at Griffith University, 17th March. He also prepared a paper on ‘Parliament’ for presentation to an ANU workshop on the History of Political Science in Australia, 25-27 March and another on Oppositions leaders for presentation at Utretch University, Netherlands, conference on Political Leadership, 10-11 April. Transcripts of each of these events will appear soon on the PSC website: www.parliamentarystudies.anu.edu.au. Michael Ward was invited to speak at the Australian Water Summit in Melbourne on Optimal Timing of Water Infrastructure Investments.Andy Sungnok Choi Renata Hasanova Quang Ha Nguyen Lynette Hui-Ling Ong Jennifer Lee Thompson Publications (Students, Staff and Associates) Paul Atkins Sharon Bessell Satish Chand Richard Denniss op ed on interest rates published in the Sydney Morning Herald on 24 March. Leo Dobes An op-ed piece regarding infrastructure investment and cost-benefit analysis: ‘Get down to brass tacks on costs’, The Australian Financial Review, 18 December 2007, http://subscribe.afr.com/home/searchresult.aspx Peter Drysdale Prasanna Gai with S Kapadia, A Perez and S Millard, ‘Financial innovation, macroeconomic stability and systemic crises’, Economic Journal, 118, March, 401-26, 2008. Quentin Grafton with T. Kompas and P. Dorian Owen, ‘Bridging the barriers: Knowledge connections, productivity and capital accumulation, Journal of Productivity Analysis 28: 219-231, 2007. with H.W. Nelson and B. Turris, ‘How to solve the Class II common property problem? The case of British Columbia's multi-species Groundfish Trawl Fishery, Chapter 4 in Advances in Fisheries Economics Festschrift in Honour of Professor Gordon R. Munro (eds.T. Bjorndal, U. R. Sumaila, D.V. Gordon and R. Arnason), Blackwell Publishing. Rich Little with John Ravenhill and TJ Pemple, co-eds, Crisis as Catalyst: Asia’s Dynamic Political Economy, Cornell University Press, Ithaca NY, 2008 (forthcoming). John McCarthy ‘Learning from King Canute: Policy approaches to biodiversity conservation, Richard Mulgan Entries on ‘accountability’, ‘mandate’ and ‘New Zealand-Australia relations’ in Brian Galligan and Winsome Roberts (eds), The Oxford Companion to Australian Politics, Oxford University Press, Melbourne. Kazuki Onji with David Vera, ‘Tax law asymmetries and income shifting: Evidence from Japanese capital keiretsu,’ Asia Pacific Economic Papers (forthcoming). Janine O’Flynn with Aulich, C., ‘From public to private: The Australian experience of privatisation’, Asia Pacific Journal of Public Administration, 29 (2), pp.151-169, 2007. ‘Australian Capital Territory political chronicles’, Australian Journal of Politics and History, 53(4), pp.662-667, 2007. Ben Reilly ‘Electoral systems and party systems in East Asia’, Journal of East Asian Studies, 7, 2007, pp. 185-192. ‘Electoral and political party reform’ in Ross H. McLeod and Andrew MacIntyre (eds), Indonesia: Democracy and the Promise of Good Governance, Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, Singapore, 2007. 'Political engineering in the Asia-Pacific', Journal of Democracy, 18(1), 2007, pp. 58-72. (with Per Nordlund and Ted Newman), 'Political parties in conflict-prone societies: Encouraging inclusive politics and democratic development', United Nations University Policy Brief, Tokyo, 2008. Ligang Song with Mari Pangestu, eds, Japan’s Future in East Asia and the Pacific, Asia Pacific Press, Canberra (December), 2007 with Tina Chen and Shiji Zhao, ‘The dynamic in East Asia trade’, in Mari Pangestu and Ligang Song (eds), Japan’s Future in East Asia and the Pacific, Asia Pacific Press, Canberra (December), pp. 166-194, 2007 with Sheng Yu, ‘Comparative advantage and Australia-China bilateral trade’ , Economic Papers, Vol. 27, No. 1, March, pp. 41-56, 2008 John Uhr published 8 entries in the recent Oxford Companion to Australian Politics, edited by Brian Galligan: ‘Hansard’; ‘Independents’; ‘R S Parker’; ‘parliamentary committees’; ‘parliamentary privilege’; ‘parliamentary secretary’; and ‘C H Spence’. Michael Ward Crawford School Paper Series |
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